Android Flavors

This guide will walk you through how to set up an app in which there are 2 deployment flavors: internal and stable. It will cover how to validate a patch on the internal flavor and then promote the patch to the stable flavor on Android.

Prerequisites

This guide assumes the Shorebird command-line is installed on your machine and that you are logged into an account. Refer to the getting started instructions for more information.

Create a project

Note

This guide walks through the process of creating a new project from scratch. To apply these changes to an existing project, skip this step and read ahead.

Create a new project using shorebird create flavors.

Configure flavors

Kotlin DSL

Next, edit the android/app/build.gradle.kts to contain two productFlavors:

defaultConfig {
    ...
}

+    flavorDimensions += "track"
+    productFlavors {
+        create("internal") {
+            dimension = "track"
+            applicationIdSuffix = ".internal"
+            manifestPlaceholders["applicationLabel"] = "[Internal] Shorebird Example"
+        }
+        create("stable") {
+            dimension = "track"
+            manifestPlaceholders["applicationLabel"] = "Shorebird Example"
+        }
+    }

buildTypes {
  ...
}

Groovy DSL

Next, edit the android/app/build.gradle to contain two productFlavors:

defaultConfig {
    ...
}

+    flavorDimensions "track"
+    productFlavors {
+        internal {
+            dimension "track"
+            applicationIdSuffix ".internal"
+            manifestPlaceholders = [applicationLabel: "[Internal] Shorebird Example"]
+        }
+        stable {
+            dimension "track"
+            manifestPlaceholders = [applicationLabel: "Shorebird Example"]
+        }
+    }

buildTypes {
  ...
}

Caution

The applicationIdSuffix property is optional. If you use services that depend on a consistent package name (e.g., Firebase), removing applicationIdSuffix may be necessary to avoid configuration issues.

Lastly, edit android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml to use the applicationLabel to easily differentiate the two apps:

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
-  <application android:label="flavors" android:name="${applicationName}" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher">
+  <application android:label="${applicationLabel}" android:name="${applicationName}" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher">

Note

To learn more about configuring productFlavors, refer to the Android Developer documentation.

Re-initialize Shorebird

Next, re-initialize Shorebird in the current project via shorebird init --force to update the YAML file.

shorebird init --force

The generated shorebird.yaml should look something like:

# This file is used to configure the Shorebird updater used by your application.
# Learn more at https://shorebird.dev
# This file should be checked into version control.

# This is the unique identifier assigned to your app.
# It is used by your app to request the correct patches from Shorebird servers.
app_id: ee322dc4-3dc2-4324-90a9-04c40a62ae76
flavors:
  internal: ee322dc4-3dc2-4324-90a9-04c40a62ae76
  stable: 904bd3d5-3526-4c1c-a832-7ac23c95302d

Because the project contains flavors, shorebird init now generates an app per flavor, and you can validate the release flavor by visiting the Shorebird console.

Create a release

Now that the apps have been created on Shorebird, releases need to be created (one for each flavor), using the shorebird release android command.

# Create a release for the internal flavor
shorebird release android --flavor internal

# Create a release for the stable flavor
shorebird release android --flavor stable

Verify the releases were created successfully by visiting the Shorebird console.

Preview the release

To preview the app release locally on a device or emulator, use shorebird preview.

# Preview the release for the internal flavor.
shorebird preview --app-id ee322dc4-3dc2-4324-90a9-04c40a62ae76 --release-version 1.0.0+1

# Preview the release for the stable flavor.
shorebird preview --app-id 904bd3d5-3526-4c1c-a832-7ac23c95302d --release-version 1.0.0+1

Note

--app-id and --release-version are optional parameters. If not provided, you will be prompted to select the app and release version interactively.

This will download the releases and run them on your device.

In addition to previewing the releases locally, you should also submit the generated app bundles to the Play Store. In this case, both apps can be part of the internal test flavor and only the stable variant should be promoted to production.

Note

• The internal variant should only be used for internal testing/validation.
• The stable variant should be shipped to end users in production.

Creating a patch

Now that the internal and stable releases are on the Play Store, a patch can be created using shorebird patch android. For the sake of this example, adjust the app theme to use deepOrange as the seed color in lib/main.dart:

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  // This widget is the root of your application.
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      theme: ThemeData(
        // This is the theme of your application.
        //
        // TRY THIS: Try running your application with "flutter run". You'll see
        // the application has a blue toolbar. Then, without quitting the app,
        // try changing the seedColor in the colorScheme below to Colors.green
        // and then invoke "hot reload" (save your changes or press the "hot
        // reload" button in a Flutter-supported IDE, or press "r" if you used
        // the command line to start the app).
        //
        // Notice that the counter didn't reset back to zero; the application
        // state is not lost during the reload. To reset the state, use hot
        // restart instead.
        //
        // This works for code too, not just values: Most code changes can be
        // tested with just a hot reload.
-        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),
+        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepOrange),
        useMaterial3: true,
      ),
      home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
    );
  }
}

Note

Typically shorebird patch should be used to fix critical bugs.

Now that the changes have been applied, patch the internal variant:

shorebird patch android --flavor internal

Validate the patch by visiting the Shorebird console, then selecting the internal release, or by relaunching the internal release.

Note

If you are testing locally, you don’t need to re-run shorebird preview – just re-launch the app from the device or emulator directly.

The first time the app is re-launched, the purple theme should still be visible, and Shorebird will detect and install the patch in the background. Kill and re-launch the app a second time to see the applied patch.

If all went well, you should see the patch was applied after re-launching the app a second time. All devices that have the internal variant of the app installed should also receive the patch 🎉

Promote the patch

Once you have validated the patch internally, you can promote the patch to the stable variant via:

shorebird patch android --flavor stable

At this point, you have a setup which allows you to push patches to internal testers before promoting them to production 🎉

The full source code for this example can be found here.

Adding new flavors

If you want to add a new flavor to your project after initializing Shorebird, you can do so by following the same steps as before.

In build.gradle:

defaultConfig {
    ...
}

    flavorDimensions "track"
    productFlavors {
        internal {
            dimension "track"
            applicationIdSuffix ".internal"
            manifestPlaceholders = [applicationLabel: "[Internal] Shorebird Example"]
        }
+       beta {
+           dimension "track"
+           applicationIdSuffix ".beta"
+           manifestPlaceholders = [applicationLabel: "[Beta] Shorebird Example"]
+       }
        stable {
            dimension "track"
            manifestPlaceholders = [applicationLabel: "Shorebird Example"]
        }
    }

buildTypes {
  ...
}

Add this to your shorebird.yaml by running shorebird init:

$ shorebird init
✓ Fetching organizations (0.2s)
✓ Initializing gradlew (1.2s)
✓ 3 product flavors detected: (0.6s)
  - beta
  - internal
  - stable
New flavors detected: beta
✓ Fetching app (0.1s)
✓ Flavors added to shorebird.yaml (0.2s)

The resulting shorebird yaml:

app_id: ee322dc4-3dc2-4324-90a9-04c40a62ae76
flavors:
  internal: ee322dc4-3dc2-4324-90a9-04c40a62ae76
  stable: 904bd3d5-3526-4c1c-a832-7ac23c95302d
+ beta: a41f8226-4b46-45d6-9e19-b14d0cf17bdc

Multi-dimensional flavors

For an example that uses multi-dimensional flavors, see the multi_dimensional_flavors sample.